Branched hierarchical photoanode of titanium dioxide nanoneedles on tin dioxide

We report a branched hierarchical nanostructure of TiO2 nanoneedles on SnO2 nanofiber network (B-SnO2 NF) that serves as model architecture for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The nanostructure simultaneously offers a low degree of charge recombination, a fast electron transport