Silicon high speed binary phase shift keying modulator with a single drive push–

We demonstrate binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation using a silicon Mach–Zehnder modulator with a π-phase-shift voltage (Vπ) of ?4.5 V. The single-drive push–pull traveling wave electrode has been optimized using numerical simulations with a 3 dB electro-optic bandwidth of 35 GHz. The 32 Gb/s