江铃全顺轻型客车液压悬置系统隔振特性研究

江铃全顺轻型客车液压悬置系统隔振特性研究

The study on the vibration isolation characteristic of JX493ZQ Hydraulic Mount System

有效地隔离发动机的振动向车架的传递是汽车设计的一个重要问题，其对整车

舒适性和噪声水平有决定性的影响。液压悬置作为悬置元件，在汽车上应用越来越

多。本文结合江铃汽车集团公司课题<全顺轻型客车发动机液压悬置系统>开展研

究，本文的主要研究工作和结果为：

1.在阅读大量国内外参考文献的基础上，对发动机动力总成液压悬置元件的发

展进行了系统的总结，并根据其结构进行了科学分类，较为详尽地阐述了各种液压

悬置的工作原理，性能特点,并指出了其不足之处，以及今后的发展方向。对液压悬

置系统的发展历史也作了简要的回顾，并指出了它的发展趋势。

2.结合液压悬置样件就其结构和工作原理进行较详细的分析，然后给出其动特

性的定义。

3.建立了液压悬置的等效力学模型和橡胶悬置的力学模型，在此基础上建立了

动力总成6 自由度的力学模型。分析了发动机激励的特点，运用Newmark 法进行了

动力总成液压悬置系统稳态振动响应和瞬态工况，如汽车制动、转弯、路过不平路

面和发动机起动等工况下动力总成的瞬态响应计算，绘制了在此工况下动力总成质

心的振动响应曲线以及前左液压悬置、后橡胶悬置的动反力曲线，以及稳态工况下

各悬置点上下加速度与频率的关系曲线， 最后还计算出动力总成液压悬置系统的振

动传递率曲线。

4.通过实验对动力总成的基本参数进行了测试，分别对动力总成重心的确定和

质量惯性矩的计算进行了简要的介绍，最后给出实验结果。

5.针对江铃JX493ZQ 动力总成液压悬置系统开展了动力总成刚体六阶模态测试

和动力总成悬置系统隔振特性测试，研究了江铃全顺原车液压悬置系统的隔振特性

并进行了分析，为以后产品的开发提供了有价值的参考依据。

第一章 绪论··················································································································1

1.1 动力总成悬置的理想动特性········································································1

1.2 动力总成悬置元件的发展历史····································································2

1.3 动力总成悬置系统的发展历史····································································7

1.4 本文的研究内容和意义··············································································10

第二章 液压悬置的结构和工作原理··················································12

2.1 引言·············································································································12

2.2 液压悬置的结构和工作原理分析·····························································13

2.2.1 结构分析······························································································14

2.2.2 工作原理································································································16

2.3 液压悬置动特性的定义·············································································16

2.4 本章小结······································································································17

第三章 动力总成液压悬置系统的建模及响应分析·························18

3.1 液压悬置等效模型的建立·········································································18

3.2 橡胶悬置模型的建立·················································································21

3.3 动力总成液压悬置系统的建模 ·····························································22

3.4 发动机激励分析·························································································28

3.5 动力总成液压悬置系统稳态振动响应分析··············································29

3.6 动力总成液压悬置系统瞬态振动响应分析··············································32

3.6.1 发动机起动时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·········································32

3.6.2 汽车制动时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·············································34

3.6.3 汽车转弯时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·············································35

3.6.4 汽车通过不平路面时动力总成瞬态振动响应分析·····························36

3.7 动力总成液压悬置系统的振动传递率计算··············································37

3.8 本章小结·····································································································39

第四章 动力总成基本参数测试··························································40

4.1 引言·············································································································40

4.2 重心位置的确定··························································································40

4.3 质量惯性矩的计算······················································································43

4.4 实验结果······································································································51

第五章 动力总成-液压悬置系统隔振特性试验研究························52

5.1 概述············································································································52

5.2 动力总成刚体六阶模态测试·····································································53

5.2.1 实验仪器连接框图·················································································53

5.2.2 实验方法及步骤·····················································································54

5.2.3 分析与讨论·····························································································56

5.3 动力总成悬置系统隔振特性测试·····························································57