Digital Transmission Engineering (Second Edition)

Preface to the First Edition xi Preface to the Second Edition xv List of Programs xvii List of Major Examples xix 1 Introduction to Digital Transmission 1 1.1 Some History and Some Themes 2 1.2 Why Digital? 6 1.3 Contents of the Book 7 1.4 The Computer Programs 11 References 12 2 Baseband Pulse Transmission 13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Properties of Pulse Trains 14 2.2.1 Pulse Formatting 14 2.2.2 Overlapping Pulses: The Nyquist Criterion 17 2.2.3 Orthogonal Pulses 25 2.3 Pulse Train Spectra 29 2.3.1 General Spectrum Problem 30 2.3.2 Linear Modulation Spectra 31 2.3.3 Spectral and Power Out-of-Band Plots 32 2.4 Transmission Impairments 35 2.4.1 Intersymbol Interference 35 2.4.2 Eye Patterns 36 2.4.3 Channel Filter Effects 39 2.5 Signal Space Analysis 43 2.5.1 Maximum-Likelihood and MAP Receivers 43 2.5.2 Definition of Signal Space 45 2.5.3 Signal Space for White Gaussian Noise 50 2.5.4 Decision Regions and Signal Constellations 53 2.6 Maximum Likelihood Receivers 56 2.6.1 ML Receiver Error Calculations 56 2.6.2 ML Receiver Implementations 63 Problems 74 References 77 3 Carrier Transmission 79 3.1 Modulation with a Carrier 79 3.2 Phase-Shift Keying 81 3.2.1 Binary PSK 82 3.2.2 BPSK Spectra 85 3.2.3 Quaternary PSK 87 3.2.4 Envelopes and I/Q Plots 93 3.3 Quadrature Transmitter and Receiver 93 3.4 Generalizations of Phase-Shift Keying 97 3.4.1 General PSK 97 3.4.2 Offset QPSK 100 3.4.3 Differential PSK 102 3.5 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 105 3.5.1 QAM Spectra and Error Performance 107 3.5.2 Partial-Response Signaling 115 3.6 Frequency-Shift Keying 119 3.6.1 Basic FSK 120 3.6.2 FSK Spectra 123 3.6.3 FSK Examples 126 3.6.4 CPM Coded Modulation 129 3.7 FSK Detectors 131 3.7.1 FSK Maximum-Likelihood Detection 131 3.7.2 Coherency in FSK Detection 132 3.7.3 Digital FM View 133 3.8 Transmission Impairments 135 3.8.1 Filtering 137 3.8.2 Other Signal Impairments 142 Problems 144 References 148 Appendix 3A Baseband Representation of Bandpass Filters 149 Appendix 3B Bandpass Nois