Preparation of TiO2 based nanotubes/nanoparticles composite thin film electrodes

The composite thin film electrodes were prepared with one-dimensional (1D) TiO2-B nanotubes (NTs) and zero-dimensional TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) based on different weight ratios. The electron transport properties of the NTs/NPs composite thin film electrodes applied for dye-sensitized solar cells had