Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual Volume 1---Volume 3

Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual Volume 1: Basic Architecture The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1: Basic Architecture (order number 253665) is part of a set that describes the architecture and programming environment of Intel® 64 and IA-32 architecture processors. Other volumes in this set are: • The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 2A & 2B: Instruction Set Reference (order numbers 253666 and 253667). • The Intel® 64 an d IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 3A & 3B: System Programming Guide (order number 253668 and 253669). The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1, describes the basic architecture and programming environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 2A & 2B, describe the instruction set of the processor and the opcode structure. These volumes apply to application programmers and to programmers who write operating systems or executives. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 3A & 3B, describe the operating-system support environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. These volumes target operatingsystem and BIOS designers. In addition, the Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3B, addresses the programming environment for classes of software that host operating systems The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 2A & 2B: Instruction Set Reference (order numbers 253666 and 253667) are part of a set that describes the architecture and programming environment of all Intel 64 and IA-32 architecture processors. Other volumes in this set are: • The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1: Basic Architecture (Order Number 253665). • The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 3A & 3B: System Programming Guide (order numbers 253668 and 253669). The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1, describes the basic architecture and programming environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 2A & 2B, describe the instruction set of the processor and the opcode structure. These volumes apply to application programmers and to programmers who write operating systems or executives. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 3A & 3B, describe the operating-system support environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. These volumes target operatingsystem and BIOS designers. In addition, the Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3B, addresses the programming environment for classes of software that host operating systems. Chapter 4 continues an alphabetical discussion of Intel® 64 and IA-32 instructions (N-Z). See also: Chapter 3, “Instruction Set Reference, A-M,” in the Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 2A. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3A: System Programming Guide, Part 1 (order number 253668) and the Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3B: System Programming Guide, Part 2 (order number 253669) are part of a set that describes the architecture and programming environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 Architecture processors. The other volumes in this set are: • Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1: Basic Architecture (order number 253665). • Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 2A & 2B: Instruction Set Reference (order numbers 253666 and 253667). The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1, describes the basic architecture and programming environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 2A & 2B, describe the instruction set of the processor and the opcode structure. These volumes apply to application programmers and to programmers who write operating systems or executives. The Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volumes 3A & 3B, describe the operating-system support environment of Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. These volumes target operatingsystem and BIOS designers. In addition, Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3B, addresses the programming environment for classes of software that host operating systems. Intel 64 and IA-32 architectures provide debug facilities for use in debugging code and monitoring performance. These facilities are valuable for debugging application software, system software, and multitasking operating systems. Debug support is accessed using debug registers (DB0 through DB7) and model-specific registers (MSRs): • Debug registers hold the addresses of memory and I/O locations called breakpoints. Breakpoints are user-selected locations in a program, a data-storage area in memory, or specific I/O ports. They are set where a programmer or system designer wishes to halt execution of a program and examine the state of the processor by invoking debugger software. A debug exception (#DB) is generated when a memory or I/O access is made to a breakpoint address. • MSRs monitor branches, interrupts, and exceptions; they record addresses of the last branch, interrupt or exception taken and the last branch taken before an interrupt or exception. 虽然收的比较高，但是我想一共5部分，这些……不算多吧？需要的我可以调低一些。呵呵